Fig. 2.

Circadian and enzyme accessory mRNA expressions. RT-PCR was used to determine mRNA values. Left: for each gene, the average relative fold change values ± SE of control zeitgeber time (ZT)4 normalized to control ZT16 for each strain by the delta delta threshold cycle ($2^{-\Delta \Delta C_t}$) method. To determine strain and time of day differences within each mRNA, 2-way ANOVA analyses were used, followed by post hoc Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) tests if significant (P < 0.05) main effects were found. Center and right: for each gene, the effects of 8 h of sleep deprivation (SD) ending at either ZT4 or ZT16. Values are average relative fold change values ± SE of post-SD values normalized to control values obtained at the same time of day for each gene and strain by the $2^{-\Delta \Delta C_t}$ method. To determine strain and post-SD differences within each mRNA, 2-way ANOVA analyses were used, followed by post hoc Tukey’s HSD tests if significant (P < 0.05) main effects were found. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, control ZT4 vs. control ZT16 (left); *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, post-SD vs. control (center and right). ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, AcP knockout (KO) vs. wild type (WT) or AcPb KO vs WT. ^$P < 0.05, ^$$P < 0.01, AcP KO vs. AcPb KO.