Fig. 4.

Traction force is unaltered in diabetic mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In contrast to coronary VSMCs, aortic VSMCs from normal and type 2 diabetes mellitus mice displayed similar traction force behavior as evidenced by the lack of differences in maximum traction (A), spread area (B), contractile moment (C), or average force (D). n = 30–32 cells from n = 4 cell isolations per group; P = not significant vs. control. Data were analyzed with a Mann–Whitney nonparametric test.