Table 3.
Factors associated with depression, anxiety and psychological stress in Wuhan HWs dealing with the COVID-19.
| Characteristics | Subjects with and without depression |
Subjects with and without anxiety |
Subjects with and without psychological stress |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Women | 1.75 (1.29–2.38) | <0.001 | 1.33 (1.07–1.67) | 0.01 | 1.31 (1.02–1.66) | 0.03 |
| Master degree or higher level | 1.55 (1.16–2.07) | 0.003 | ||||
| Occupation | <0.001 | |||||
| Doctor | Ref | |||||
| Nurse | 2.24 (1.61–3.12) | <0.001 | ||||
| Medical technician | 1.57 (1.12–2.21) | 0.01 | ||||
| Years of working | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| <2 years | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| 2–5 years | 1.17 (0.81–1.68) | 0.40 | 1.10 (0.81–1.48) | 0.54 | 1.25 (0.95–1.66) | 0.12 |
| 6–10 years | 1.36 (0.94–1.96) | 0.11 | 1.57 (1.13–2.18) | 0.007 | 1.71 (1.25–2.30) | 0.001 |
| >10 years | 2.17 (1.51–3.14) | <0.001 | 2.32 (1.65–3.27) | <0.001 | 2.02 (1.47–2.79) | <0.001 |
| Current work place | 0.008 | |||||
| Non-isolation Ward Isolation Ward |
1.32 (1.10–1.59) | Ref 0.002 |
||||
| Off work or in isolation | 1.21 (0.83–1.74) | 0.32 | ||||
| Living with family members | 1.18 (1.01–1.38) | 0.04 | ||||
| Past medical history | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| In good health | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Have chronic non-communicable diseases | 1.35 (1.09–1.69) | 0.007 | 1.38 (1.15–1.66) | 0.001 | 1.51 (1.27–1.80) | <0.001 |
| Have history of mental disorders | 6.78 (3.73–12.32) | <0.001 | 5.03 (2.68–9.42) | <0.001 | 3.27 (1.77–6.05) | <0.001 |
| Drinking | 1.63 (1.18–2.25) | 0.003 | ||||
| Exercise habit | 0.71 (0.57–0.88) | 0.001 | ||||
| Parent status | 0.002 | |||||
| No child | Ref | |||||
| One child | 1.17 (0.97–1.41) | 0.10 | ||||
| Two or more children | 1.56 (1.22–1.99) | <0.001 | ||||
| Family members or relatives suspected or confirmed | 1.26 (1.01–1.59) | 0.045 | 1.35 (1.12–1.64) | 0.002 | 1.23 (1.02–1.48) | 0.03 |
| Suspected or confirmed COVID-19 | 1.70 (1.13–2.57) | 0.01 | ||||
| Do you feel that you have a history of exposure to the SARS-Cov-2? | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Disagree | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Agree | 2.03 (1.46–2.81) | <0.001 | 3.23 (2.45–4.26) | <0.001 | 2.31 (1.83–2.91) | <0.001 |
| Unsure | 1.30 (0.93–1.81) | 0.12 | 2.09 (1.58–2.76) | <0.001 | 1.46 (1.16–1.84) | 0.001 |
| Have you ever thought of resigning because of the COVID-19 outbreak? | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Disagree | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Agree | 2.28 (1.78–2.93) | <0.001 | 2.56 (2.06–3.18) | <0.001 | 2.27 (1.83–2.82) | <0.001 |
| Unsure | 1.77 (1.37–2.30) | <0.001 | 1.87 (1.50–2.34) | <0.001 | 1.93 (1.56–2.38) | <0.001 |
| Have you worried about the life-threatening once infected? | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Disagree | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Agree | 2.20 (1.64–2.96) | <0.001 | 2.83 (2.23–3.59) | <0.001 | 2.77 (2.24–3.42) | <0.001 |
| Unsure | 1.20 (0.84–1.71) | 0.32 | 1.27 (0.96–1.68) | 0.09 | 1.44 (1.12–1.84) | 0.004 |
| Worry about myself or my family members being infected by SARS-Cov-2. | 1.70 (1.16–2.50) | 0.006 | ||||
| Do you feel that family members and friends have avoided contact with you because of your work? | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Don't avoid | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Avoid | 1.94 (1.55–2.42) | <0.001 | 1.83 (1.52–2.21) | <00.001 | 2.01 (1.69–2.40) | <0.001 |
| Unsure | 1.21 (0.97–1.50) | 0.09 | 1.22 (1.03–1.45) | 0.02 | 1.44 (1.23–1.69) | <0.001 |
| Have received care provided by hospital and department administrators | 0.69 (0.52–0.90) | 0.007 | 0.76 (0.60–0.97) | 0.03 | 0.76 (0.60–0.97) | 0.02 |
| Are you satisfied with the full coverage of all departments for avoiding nosocomial infection? | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.01 | |||
| Not satisfied | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Satisfied | 0.70 (0.51–0.95) | 0.02 | 0.65 (0.50–0.85) | 0.002 | 0.69 (0.53–0.89) | 0.004 |
| Unsure | 0.94 (0.68–1.32) | 0.74 | 0.99 (0.74–1.33) | 0.94 | 0.82 (0.61–1.10) | 0.18 |
| Are you satisfied with your work shift arrangement? | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Not satisfied | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Satisfied | 0.48 (0.34–0.67) | <0.001 | 0.45 (0.33–0.63) | <0.001 | ||
| Unsure | 0.61 (0.42–0.89) | 0.01 | 0.65 (0.46–0.92) | 0.02 | ||
| Are you satisfied with logistical support and accommodations arranged by the hospital? | 0.006 | <0.001 | ||||
| Not Satisfied | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Satisfied | 0.67 (0.47–0.97) | 0.03 | 0.69 (0.50–0.96) | 0.03 | ||
| Unsure | 1.00 (0.681.48) | 0.997 | 1.09 (0.76–1.38) | 0.64 | ||