Table 2.
Smoking, Nutrition, Alcohol, Physical Activity, and Obesity (SNAPO) Health Indicators of the Adult Reference Population and the College Students Stratified by Sex, Guam, 2015
| Adult Reference Populationa Frequency (%) or Mean ± SD |
College Student Populationb All Frequency (%) or Mean ± SD |
College Students Males Frequency (%) or Mean ± SD |
College Students Females Frequency (%) or Mean ± SD |
P-valuec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking | |||||
| Cigarette | |||||
| Yes | 358 (25.9) | 34 (9.1) | 22 (12.0) | 12 (6.3) | .052 |
| No | 1247 (74.1) | 340 (90.9) | 161 (88.0) | 179 (93.7) | |
| Smokeless Tobacco | |||||
| Yes | 98 (7.1) | 24 (6.7) | 16 (9.2) | 8 (4.3) | .057 |
| No | 1506 (92.9) | 336 (93.3) | 157 (90.8) | 179 (95.7) | |
| Areca Nut | |||||
| Yes | 13,404 (12.5)d | 28 (7.5) | 16 (8.7) | 12 (6.3) | .382 |
| No | 93,641 (87.5)d | 345 (92.5) | 168 (91.3) | 177 (93.7) | |
| Nutrition | |||||
| Fruits, <1 time per day | |||||
| Yes | 659 (42.3) | 293 (77.5) | 141 (76.2) | 152 (78.7) | .622 |
| No | 872 (57.7) | 85 (22.5) | 44 (23.7) | 41 (21.2) | |
| Vegetables, <1 Time Per Day | |||||
| Yes | 394 (27.1) | 257 (68.0) | 121 (65.4) | 136 (70.4) | .322 |
| No | 1108 (72.9) | 121 (32.0) | 64 (34.5) | 57 (29.5) | |
| Fast Foods, ≥ 3 Times Per Week | |||||
| Yes | NA | 100 (31.5) | 50 (31.8) | 50 (31.2) | .909 |
| No | NA | 217 (68.5) | 107 (68.1) | 110 (68.7) | |
| Water (Plain Water and Other Liquids), Met Daily AIe | |||||
| Yes | NA | 40 (10.9) | 20 (11.2) | 20 (10.6) | .841 |
| No | NA | 327 (89.1) | 158 (88.8) | 169 (89.4) | |
| Alcohol | |||||
| Yes | 698 (41.8) | 153 (44.3) | 72 (43.6) | 81 (45.0) | .475 |
| Binge drinkf | 298 (19.8) | 93 (24.6) | 46 (24.8) | 47 (24.3) | .908 |
| No | 896 (58.2) | 192 (55.7) | 93 (56.4) | 99 (55.0) | |
| Physical Activity | |||||
| Sedentary (PAR-Q = 0–4) | 1148 (79.2)g | 205 (54.5) | 79 (42.9)c | 126 (65.6) | 0 |
| Active (PAR-Q = 5–7) | 321 (20.8)g | 171 (45.5) | 105 (57.1) | 66 (34.4) | |
| Obesity | |||||
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30) | 459 (30.8) | 77 (22.6) | 46 (28.0)c | 31 (17.5) | .020 |
| Not Obese (BMI < 30) | 1129 (71.0) | 264 (77.4) | 118 (72.0) | 146 (82.5) | |
| Percentage of Body Fat | NA | 24.0 ± 8.6 | 20.1 ± 8.0c | 27.7 ± 7.4 | 0 |
Results may not add up to total sample size due to participants refusing to answer
Reference population source is the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Survey for Guam, n = 1669
College students of n = 378
Reflects sex-specific comparisons among the college students; statistically different from college females at P ≤ .05
Reflects weighted data from state-added questions
Reflects the Adequate Intake: 3.7 liters for males and 2.7 liters for females, ages 19 to 30 years old
Reflects ≥5 drinks in males and ≥4 drinks in females in any one occasion
Reflects BRFSS calculation on the “number of adults that participated in enough aerobic and muscle strengthening exercise to meet guidelines”
SD = Standard deviation
NA = Not available in 2015
PARQ = Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
BMI = Body mass index