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. 2019 Nov 2;71(1):226–236. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz1082

Table 4.

Key Knowledge Gaps Related to Systemic Antibacterial Prophylaxis Among Children With Cancer and Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients

To determine whether the effectiveness of systemic antibacterial prophylaxis changes when administered over a prolonged period of time within individuals and within institutions
To determine the consequences of a universal systemic antibacterial prophylaxis strategy within individuals (both those receiving and not receiving prophylaxis) and within institutions
To describe subgroups of patients undergoing induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at higher risk of bacteremia and infection-related mortality
To determine the risks and benefits of systemic antibacterial prophylaxis in children undergoing induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
To determine the risks and benefits of systemic antibacterial prophylaxis for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving intensive chemotherapy phases other than induction, such as delayed intensification
To identify subgroups of patients at higher risk of bacteremia and infection-related mortality (other than those identified in this clinical practice guideline such as children with solid tumor receiving intensive chemotherapy), such that the risks and benefits of systemic antibacterial prophylaxis can be considered
To determine the cost-effectiveness of antibacterial prophylaxis in different patient populations
To compare the risks and benefits of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin prophylaxis
To identify facilitators of guideline-concordant care