. 2020 Jun 23;3(6):e208627. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8627

Table 4. Longitudinal Models Between Different Definitions of Long-term Despair Exposure and Young Adult Outcome (at 25 and 30 Years of Age), Adjusted for Covariates^a.

Outcome	Cumulative despair levels		Cumulative despair observations
Outcome	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value
Suicidal thoughts or behaviors	2.6 (1.5-4.7)	<.001^b	10.7 (3.5-32.9)	<.001^b
Alcohol use disorder	0.9 (0.5-1.7)	.75	0.9 (0.2-3.7)	.84
Illicit drug use	2.5 (1.3-5.0)	.008^b	6.0 (1.6-22.9)	.008^b
Illicit drug use disorder	2.3 (1.3-4.4)	.008^b	9.4 (2.4-36.7)	.001^b
Opioid use	3.3 (1.4-7.7)	.007^b	7.5 (0.9-65.5)	.07^b

Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio.

^{^a}

Based on 2424 observations of 1266 individuals and representing results from logistic regression models regressing young adult outcome variables on lagged despair scores. All models included the following covariates: sex, race/ethnicity, educational level, poverty status, and lagged value of the outcome variable.

^{^b}

Significant at P < .05.

Table 4. Longitudinal Models Between Different Definitions of Long-term Despair Exposure and Young Adult Outcome (at 25 and 30 Years of Age), Adjusted for Covariatesa.

Table 4. Longitudinal Models Between Different Definitions of Long-term Despair Exposure and Young Adult Outcome (at 25 and 30 Years of Age), Adjusted for Covariates^a.