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. 2020 May 30;17(11):3874. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113874

Table 3.

Dimensions of the PANAS-GAD-7-IDATE model.

Instrument Latent Variables Concepts
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule—PANAS Positive Affection Scale (WBS) Reflects how enthusiastic, active and alert a person is [9].
Negative Affection Scale (NAS) Reflects anguish and dissatisfaction, including a variety of aversive moods, including anger, guilt, heartbreak and fear.
Generalized Anxiety Scale (Generalized Anxiety Disorder)—GAD-7 (GAD) A state of exacerbated concern that can affect various activities or events in an individual’s life. With its symptoms (psychiatric and somatic), this can be considered a chronic and recurrent disorder [47].
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale (STAI) Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) (TAI) People who have an anxiety trait tend to perceive a greater number of situations as dangerous or threatening and, consequently, to frequently respond with an increased state of anxiety [48].
State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-E) (SAI) Refers to a momentary, transient state, characterized by tension, apprehension and increased autonomic nervous system activity, depending on how a situation is perceived, with a heightened state of anxiety when the situation is perceived as threatening [48].

Source: Watson at al. [9]; Spitzer et al. [36]; Biaggio and Natalicio [38].