ID and X-irradiation increase oxidative stress (OS) in breast cells, with an additive effect at 3 Gy in MCF12A cells. Cells were cultured in iodine-containing medium for 7 days. Thereafter, the medium was replaced by iodine-containing (control) or iodine deficient (ID) medium and cells were then irradiated with a dose of 0.1 or 3 Gy. 4-HNE adducts were detected by immunofluorescence after 2 and 4 h in MCF12A (A–F) and MCF7 (G–L) cells respectively. Control (A, G), ID (B, H), 0.1 Gy (C, I), ID + 0.1 gy (D, J), 3 Gy X-rays (E, K) and ID + 3 Gy X-rays (F, L). Representative pictures are shown. Scale bars = 20 µm. N = 3.