Figure 5.

Effect of transient overexpression of CaCML13 on HR-mimicked cell death and expression of the tested immunity-related marker genes. (a,b) success of CaCML13 by qRT-PCR (a) and western blotting with antibody of HA (b); (c–e) HR-mimicked cell death induced by transient overexpression of CaCML13 in pepper leaves (c), HR-mimicked cell death displayed with darker trypan-blue staining and H₂O₂-accumulation manifested by darker DAB staining and (d) enhanced ion leakage displayed by high level of conductivity (e); (f) effect of CaCML13 transient overexpression on transcript levels of CaPR1, CaNPR1 and CaDEF1. In (a,e,f), data presented are means ± standard error of four replicates. Different uppercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences among means (p < 0.01) by Fisher’s protected LSD test.