Figure 6.

Characteristics of the contact angle and free radical generation on the different bone cement surfaces. (A) Hydrophilic/hydrophobic property of the surfaces of the three different materials. Bird’s eye view images of 10 µL ddH₂O placed on the materials after mixing the materials. The graph on the bottom represents the average contact angle of ddH₂O for each surface. Each value represents the mean ± standard deviation of triplicate experiments (n = 3). ** p <0.01, one-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni test. (B) Free radical generation in polymerizing three different materials evaluated using electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR). ESR spectrums recorded 24 h after mixing materials.