Table 1.
Description and unit of variables used in the binomial logistic model.
| Dependent Variables | Variable Description | Expected Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Y * | Quality of drinking water (0 = Poor 1 = Good) | Determined by explanatory variables |
| Y ** | Community faecal sludge management in VIP/UN-IP Latrines (0 = Empty 1 = Construct new pit) | |
| Y *** | Sewage sludge application in agricultural production (0 = Willing 1 = Not willing) | |
| Y **** | Biochar adaption in sludge treatment (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Explanatory variables | ||
| Socio-economic characteristics | ||
| Gender (X1) | Gender of the participant (0 = Male 1 = Female) | |
| Age (X2) | Age of participant (Years) | |
| Household size (X3) | Number of household occupancy | |
| Education (X4) | Participant education level (0 = None 1 = Primary 2 = Secondary 3 = Tertiary) | |
| Employment (X5) | Participant employment status (0 = Employed 1 = Self-employed 2= Unemployed) | |
| Income (X6) | Average monthly household income (Measured in SA Rand, ZAR) | |
| Social amenities: Water and Sanitation | ||
| Drinking water source (X7) | Source used (0 = Selected 1 = Not selected) | |
| Household water source (X8) | Source used (0 = Selected 1 = Not selected) | |
| Regularity (X9) | Water supply/ flow (0 = Regular 1 = Not regular 2 = Unreliable) | |
| Sanitation type (X10) | Household sanitation type (0 = VIP 1 = UN-IP latrine) | |
| Latrine users (X11) | Number of household members using pit latrine (Head count) | |
| Sludge filling rate (X12) | Period a pit latrine is used by a household (Measured in years) | |
| Sludge draining (X13) | Pit latrine sludge disposal (0 = Participant 1 = Community 2 = Municipality 3 = Private contractor) | |
| Equipment (X14) | Access to disposal equipment (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Diseases (X15) | Perceived outbreaks in the community (0 = Cholera 1 = Dysentery 2 = Diarrhea 3 = No outbreaks) | |
| Community perceptions on treated faecal sludge in crop production | ||
| Crops (X16) | Major crops grown (0 = Selected 1 = Not selected) | |
| Fertilizer (X17) | Use of fertilizer in cropping practices (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Manure (X18) | Use of animal manure (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Yield (X19) | Estimate crop yield (0 = Low 1 = Medium 2 = High) | |
| Human manure (X20) | Awareness of the use of faecal sludge (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Biochar amendments | ||
| Biochar use in latrines (X21) | Willingness to use in pit latrine sludge treatments (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Purchasing (X22) | Willingness to buy Biochar (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Wood ash (X23) | Use of ash in pit latrines (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Groundwater contamination (X24) | Awareness on pit latrine water pollution (0 = Yes 1 = No) | |
| Pit latrine sludge treatment (X25) | Material added in latrine to reduce groundwater contamination (0 = Nothing 1 = Detergent) | |
| Detergent price (X26) | Cost of material applied in pit latrines per month (Measure in SA ZAR) | |
| β1…βn | Coefficients of independent variables X1…Xn | |
| α | Intercept | |