Figure 1.

Comparison of the basal airway functions of intact Trpa1^+/+ and Trpa1^−/− mice measured by unrestrained whole-body plethysmography. (A) Breathing frequency (f), (B) tidal volume (TV), (C) minute ventilation (MV), (D) inspiratory time (Ti), (E) expiratory time (Te), (F) relaxation time (RT), (G) peak inspiratory flow (PIF) and (H) peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured in conscious, spontaneously breathing mice. (I) Enhanced pause (Penh) correlating with bronchial responsiveness was assessed by the nebulization of the muscarinic receptor agonist, carbachol. Values represent the means ± SEM, n = 30–35 mice/group; Student’s t-test for unpaired comparison; * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001.