Fig. 3.

LL-37 enhances IL-6 gene expression in 16HBE14o^– cells. 16HBE14o^– cells were exposed to LL-37 at 50 μg/ml, or IL-1β at 10 ng/ml for 1, 2 and 4 h. Transcriptional regulation was assessed via quantitative RT-PCR. Fold changes (y-axis) were normalized to GAPDH and are relative to the gene expression in unstimulated cells (normalized to 1) using the comparative Ct method (refer to Materials and Methods for details). Results are expressed as means ± SD of three independent experiments (* p < 0.05 vs. the respective untreated control at a given time point).