Fig. 7.

LL-37 increased flagellin-induced IL-6 release in 16HBE14o^– and primary NHBE cells. a Confluent 16HBE14o^– cells were treated with LL-37 at 5, 15, 20, 30 and 50 μg/ml alone, flagellin at 1 μg/ml alone, or flagellin and LL-37 (at 5, 15, 20, 30 and 50 μg/ml) in combination, or were left untreated (control) for 6 h. b Confluent pNHBE cells were treated with 1 or 3 μg/ml of LL-37 alone, 500 ng/ml flagellin alone, flagellin and LL-37 combined (1 and 3 μg/ml), or were left untreated (control) for 6 h. IL-6 release in culture supernatants was determined via ELISA. Results are expressed as means ± SD of three independent experiments (* p < 0.05 vs. LL-37 alone).