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Inflammatory cytokines. (A) Immunohistochemical staining for IL-1β and IL-18 on kidney sections. (B) Western blot and quantification of IL-1β and IL-18, n = 3 for each group. (C) ELISA quantification of serum NLRP3, IL-6 and TNF-α, n = 5 for each group. Significant difference a p < 0.05 relative to untreated control; b p < 0.05 relative to AKI; c p < 0.05 relative to AKI + EVs; d p < 0.05 relative to AKI + EVs + pFUS.
