Table 1.
Published studies of PGC- and adenovirus-mediated genome editing in avian species.
| Species | Mediator | Editing Tool | Purpose | Phenotype | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chicken | PGC | D10A-Cas9 nickase | Knockout of myostatin gene | Increase of muscle mass | Kim et al., 2020 [87] |
| Quail | Adenovirus | CRISPR/Cas9 | Single amino acid deletion in myostatin propeptide | Increase of muscle mass | Lee et al., 2020 [72] |
| Chicken | PGC | CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homologous recombination | W38 deletion in Na+/H+ exchanger type 1 | Resistance to leucosis virus subgroup J | Koslová et al., 2020 [88] |
| Quail | Adenovirus | CRISPR/Cas9 | Knockout of melanophilin gene | Exhibition of gray feather color | Lee et al., 2019 [71] |
| Chicken | PGC | CRISPR/Cas9-mediated nonhomologous end joining repair | Knock-in of GFP into the Z chromosome | GFP expressing progenies for sexing | Lee et al., 2019 [55] |
| Chicken | PGC | CRISPR/Cas9 | Knockout of G0/G1 switch gene 2 | Reduction of abdominal fat deposition | Park et al., 2019 [89] |
| Chicken | PGC | CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homologous recombination | Knock-in of human interferon β into the ovalbumin locus | Production of human interferon β in the egg white | Oishi et al., 2018 [54] |
| Chicken | PGC | CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homologous recombination | Knockout of immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (VH) | Insertion of a loxP site in the VH region | Dimitrov et al., 2016 [80] |
| Chicken | PGC | CRISPR/Cas9 | Knockout of ovomucoid gene | Mutation in ovomucoid gene | Oishi et al., 2016 [51] |
| Chicken | PGC | TALENs-mediated homologous recombination | Knockout of DEAD-box helicase 4 gene | Sterility in female | Taylor et al., 2017 [90] |
| Chicken | PGC | TALENs | Knockout of ovalbumin gene | Mutation in ovalbumin gene | Park et al., 2014 [50] |
| Chicken | PGC | Homologous recombination | Knockout of immunoglobulin light chain locus | Low level of peripherla B cells and antibody | Schusser et al., 2016 [79] |
| Chicken | PGC | Homologous recombination | Knockout of immunoglobulin heavy chain J gene segment | Lack of peripheral B cells and antibody | Schusser et al., 2013 [49] |
PGC: primordial germ cell; DEAD-box: Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp conserved motif; D10A: Asp to Ala substitution in the RuvC domain; CRISPR: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; TALEN: transcription activator-like effector nuclease; GFP: green fluorescent protein; VH: immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region.