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. 2020 May 26;21(11):3756. doi: 10.3390/ijms21113756

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Impaired memory in Diabetic rats was prevented by NMN treatment. Diabetic rats displayed a reduced spontaneous alternation and novel spatial preference compared to those of Non-Diabetic rats at 3 months. (A–C) Spontaneous spatial novelty preference test: NMN prevents a diabetes-induced decrease in the number (#) of novel arm entries (A), the average time spent in the novel arm (B), and the discrimination ratio (C). (D) Spontaneous alternation test: NMN prevents a diabetes-induced decrease in the spontaneous alternation %. (N = 6). *** p < 0.001.