Figure 4.

β-funaltrexamine alleviated intracellular signaling molecule activation. Neuron/glia cultures were pretreated with vehicle or β-funaltrexamine (30 μM) for 30 min before being incubated with LPS (100 ng/mL)/IFN-γ (10 U/mL) for an additional 4 h. (A) Total cellular proteins were extracted and subjected to Western blot analysis with indicated antibodies. (B) Nuclear proteins were extracted and subjected to Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) for the measurement of NF-κB, AP-1, cAMP-Response Element Binding Protein (CREB), and Stat DNA binding activities. One representative blot of four independent culture batches is shown.