Table 1.
Changes in S100A6, CacyBP/SIP, and Sgt1 expression in neurodegenerative disorders.
| Protein | Disease | Examined Region | Expression | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| S100A6 | Alzheimer disease (AD) | - neocortex (white and gray matter) - prefrontal cortex - hippocampus |
- immunoreactivity in astrocytes↑ - immunoreactivity in center and border zone of β amyloid plaques↑ - mRNA↑ |
[33,38] |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) | - brainstem - spinal cord (dorsal root) - spinal cord (pyramidal tract) |
- mRNA↑ - immunoreactivity in astrocytes↑ - protein ↑ |
[39,40,41] | |
| Epileptogenesis | - cortex | - mRNA ↑ | [20,46,48] | |
| - hippocampus (CA1 and CA3) | - immunoreactivity in astrocytes↑ | |||
| Traumatic brain injury (TBI) | - cerebral cortex | - mRNA↑ | [47] | |
| - hippocampus | - mRNA↓ | [50] | ||
| - protein↓ | ||||
| - immunoreactivity | ||||
| in pyramidal neurons↓ | ||||
| Stress | - cortex - brainstem - hippocampus - hypothalamus |
- protein↓ - immunoreactivity in neurons and tanycytes↓ |
[18] | |
| CacyBP/SIP | Alzheimer disease (AD) | - hippocampus | - protein – not changed | [62] |
| - parieto-temporal cortex | ||||
| Parkinson disease (PD) | - olfactory bulbs | - protein↓ | [64] | |
| Huntington disease (HD) | - striatum | - mRNA↑ | [66] | |
| - protein↑ | ||||
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) | - non-motor cortex | - protein↑ | [41] | |
| - spinal cord (pyramidal tract) | - protein↓ | |||
| Stress | - thalamus/ | - protein↑ | [67] | |
| hypothalamus | ||||
| - hippocampus | ||||
| - brainstem | ||||
| Down syndrome (DS) | - mouse embryo | - protein ↑ | [68] | |
| Bipolar disorder (BD) | - lymphoblastoid cells | - mRNA ↑ | [70] | |
| Sgt1 | Alzheimer disease (AD) | - cortex (temporal, angular, posterior cingulate) | - number of Sgt1 positive cells↓ | [74] |
| Parkinson disease (PD) | - temporal cortex | - mRNA↑ | [75] | |
| Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) | - substantia nigra | - mRNA ↑ | [75] |
↑—increase; ↓—decrease.