Table 1.
Characteristics of studies that included patients who underwent surgery for pancreatic cancer with synchronous liver metastasis.
| Author | Time period | Patient number | Age | Female/male | No. of LM | Size of LM | Neoadjuvant therapy | Primary lesion | Operation for liver metastases | Mortality | DFS | OS | Positive prognostic factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dunschede et al.6 | 1996–2008 | 9 | 55 (39–72) | 4/5 | 3 (1–5) | 3.5 (1–9) | NR | PD (67%) DP (33%) |
Trisegmentectomy (11%) Hemihepatectomies (11%) Atypical liver resections (67%) |
0% | NR | 8 | NR |
| Zanini et al.20 | 2003–2014 | 11 | 61 (52–78) | 7/4 | 3 (1–3) | 2.2 (1.8–2.5) | 0% | PD (55%) DP (27%) TP (18%) |
Wedge resection (91%) Bisegmental resection (9%) |
0% | 4 | 8.3 | Metachronous, Single LM |
| Yamada et al.18 | 1981–2007 | 11 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 0% | PD (55%) DP (36%) TP (9%) |
NR | NR | NR | 10.1 | NR |
| Andreou et al.21 | 1993–2015 | 76 | 64 (31–85) | 30/46 | 1 (1–5) | 1 (1–13) | 5% | PD (51%) DP (19%) TP (6%) |
Major hepatectomy (4%) Minor hepatectomy (96%) |
5% | NR | NR | G1/G2 grade PDAC Perioperative chemotherapy R0 resection of LM |
| Hackert et al.7 | 2001–2014 | 62 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 16% | PD (43%) DP (41%) TP (17%) |
Minor hepatectomy (98%) Major hepatectomy (2%) |
2.9% | NR | 10.6 | NR |
| Gleisneret al.15 | 1995–2005 | 17 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | PD (68%) DP (32%) | Minor hepatectomy (95%) Major hepatectomy (5%) |
NR | NR | 5.9 | Failed to reveal any positive prognostic factor |
| Klein et al.22 | 2004–2009 | 22 | 57.5 (31–78) | 8/14 | NR | NR | NR | PD (78%) DP (5%) TP (18%) |
Enucleation (68%) Segmentectomy (32%) |
0% | NR | 7.6 | NR |
| Shi et al.23 | 2007–2015 | 30 | 62.2 ± 10.0 | 20/10 | NR | 4.0 (2.5–5.0) | NR | PD (37%) DP (60%) TP (3%) | NR | 0% | NR | 15.7 | Age ⩽ 62 CA-125 ⩽62 U/ml |
| Shrikhande et al.13 | 2001–2005 | 11 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 3% | PD (36%) DP (55%) TP (9%) |
NR | 0% | NR | 11.4 | NR |
| Tachezy et al.5 | 1994–2014 | 69 | <65 (50%) ⩾65 (50%) |
30/39 | 2 (1–11) | NR | 13% | PD (60%) DP (36%) TP (3%) |
Minor hepatectomy (100%) | 1% | NR | 14.5 | PDAC localized in the pancreatic head |
| Seelig et al.16 | 2004–2007 | 14 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 10% | NR | Minor hepatectomy (100%) | 0% | NR | 11 | NR |
| Takada et al.19 | 1981–1995 | 11 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | PD (100%) | Minor hepatectomy (100%) | NR | NR | 6 | NR |
| Yang et al.17 | 2012–2017 | 48 | NR | 20/28 | NR | NR | 23% | PD (42%) DP (58%) |
Wedge resection (90%) Segmentectomy (8%) Hemihepatectomy (2%) |
4% | NR | 7.8 | PDAC with liver oligometastases |
CA, carbohydrate antigen; DFS, disease free survival; DP, distal pancreatectomy; LM, liver metastases; NR, not reported; OS, overall survival; PD, pancreatoduodenectomy; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; TP, total pancreatectomy.