Fig. 2.
Schematic representation of the oxygen-independent nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway. Note that commensal facultative anaerobic bacteria convert dietary nitrate to nitrite through the obligatory action of nitrate reductase. Further reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide is hastened in the presence of low oxygen tension and low pH. Nitric oxide elicits many important physiologic functions vital to the defense of acute/chronic disease.
