Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2020 May 23;1867(9):118746. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118746

Figure 2. GSK-3β activity is regulated by several neurotransmitters whose synaptic levels are affected by psychostimulants.

Figure 2.

Through their effects on dopamine, serotonin and glutamate transmission, psychostimulants can regulate the activity of GSK-3β. Examples of upstream signaling pathways resulting in GSK-3β regulation are shown. GSK-3β has numerous potential substrates including transcription factors, structural proteins, receptors, signaling molecules and metabolic enzymes. As such, GSK-3β well-positioned to influence neuroplasticity, gene transcription, and learning and memory processes. βArr, beta-arrestin; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; PP2, protein phosphatase 2; PP1, protein phosphatase 1; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; TF, transcription factor; p, phosphorylated.