FIGURE 4.

Exposure to multiple types of stress causes mitochondrial fragmentation. Worms were exposed to four different stresses and the morphology of the mitochondria was immediately quantified. Oxidative stress was induced by exposing worms to 2 mM paraquat for 24 hours. Heat stress was induced at 37°C for 2 hours, osmotic stress was induced at 400 mM NaCl for 24 hours. Anoxia was induced for 24 hours. A. All four types of stress caused mitochondrial fragmentation. Quantification of mitochondrial morphology revealed that exposure to exogenous stress can cause an increase in mitochondrial number (B), a decrease in mitochondrial size (C), and an increase in mitochondrial circularity (D). Error bars represent SEM. Significance indicates difference from wild‐type worms. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001