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. 2020 Jun 24;15(6):e0235219. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235219

Table 1. Examples of questionnaire items.

Obesity Risk Reduction Behaviors
In the past month, how often did you engage in the following behaviors:
Food context • Ate steamed foods instead of fried foods?
• Used small amounts of oils or fat when preparing or cooking foods?
• Ate at least 3 servings of vegetables per day?
(1 serving = ½ cup cooked, 1 cup fresh leafy vegetables)
• Ate at least 2 servings of fruits each day?
(1 serving = 1 medium fruit)
• Ate at least 3, 1-ounce servings of whole grains per day?
• Made healthier choices at fast food restaurants?
• Ate healthful snacks (e.g.: fruit, nuts, etc.)?
• Ate healthful pre-packaged foods (e.g.: frozen foods)
• Limited intake of high calorie beverages (e.g.: soft drinks, juice, alcoholic drinks)?
Eating behavior context • Ate home-cooked meals over restaurant-prepared foods?
• Ate smaller portion sizes of foods than usual?
• Followed healthful food patterns (e.g.: eating more fruits and vegetables, less red meat)?
• Used portion size control methods to help decide how much to eat?
Physical activity context • Exercised at least 30 minutes, 3 to 5 days per week (e.g. walking, biking)?
• Engaged in at least 1 physically active leisure activity?
Psychological context • Took time to relax and improve my emotional well-being? (e.g.: social involvement, positive thinking)
• Took time to relax to decrease the amount of stress I feel?
Knowledge awareness context • Monitored my body weight?
• Learned about obesity risk and prevention (e.g.: attending seminars, reading health articles, watching health programs on TV)?
Psychosocial Constructs Questionnaire Statements
Theory of Planned Behavior and Self-Efficacy
Behavioral intention During the upcoming week, I plan to eat a least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day.
Attitude Selecting a lot of fruits and vegetables to eat is….
(Favorable vs. Unfavorable)
Normative beliefs In general, how much influence do your friends have on your food choices?
Motivation to comply If my friends gave advice on dietary matters, I (would—would not) follow it.
Perceived behavioral control I am in total control of my weight.
As long as I want to, I can prevent myself from gaining excessive weight.
Self-Efficacy How confident do you feel in your ability to eat a lot of fruits and vegetables?
How confident are you in consuming small portion sizes of food?