Table 3. Obesity prevention behaviors for entire sample with t-test comparisons between high vs. low self-efficacy groups.
| Category (Score Range = 1 to 4) | Entire SampleMean (SD) (n = 174) | High Self-Efficacy Group Mean (SD) (n = 118) | Low Self-Efficacy Group Mean (SD) (n = 56) | Sig. (2-tailed) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological | ||||
| Took time to decrease the amount of stress I feel | 2.24 | 2.66 | 2.24 | **p = 0.007 |
| (0.87) | (0.96) | (0.87) | ||
| Took time to relax and improve my emotional well-being | 2.17 | 2.84 | 2.17 | ***p<0.001 |
| (0.88) | (0.90) | (0.88) | ||
| Physical Activity Context | **p = 0.005 | |||
| Engaged in at least 1 physically active leisure activity | 2.63 | 3.11 | 2.63 | |
| (1.00) | (1.01) | (1.00) | ||
| Exercised at least 30 minutes, on 3–5 days/week | 2.26 | 2.95 | 2.26 | ***p<0.001 |
| (0.97) | (1.15) | (0.97) | ||
| Eating Context | ||||
| Ate home-cooked meals instead of restaurant-prepared meals | 3.22 | 3.53 | 3.22 | *p = 0.044 |
| (1.00) | (0.73) | (1.00) | ||
| Limited my portion sizes of foods | 2.07 | 2.80 | 2.07 | ***p<0.001 |
| (0.75) | (0.83) | (0.75) | ||
| Used portion size control methods to help decide how much to eat | 1.92 | 2.63 | 1.92 | ***p<0.001 |
| (0.82) | (1.09) | (0.82) | ||
| Followed healthful food patterns | 2.52 | 3.42 | 2.52 | ***p<0.001 |
| (0.88) | (0.82) | (0.88) | ||
| Food Context | ||||
| Ate steamed foods instead of fried foods | 2.44 | 3.27 | 2.44 | ***p<0.001 |
| (0.90) | (0.85) | (0.90) | ||
| Used small amounts of oils or fat when preparing or cooking foods | 2.28 | 3.08 | 2.28 | ***p<0.001 |
| (1.00) | (0.95) | (1.00) | ||
| Ate at least 3, 1-oz servings of whole grains per day | 2.65 | 2.93 | 2.65 | p = 0.054 |
| (0.41) | (0.86) | (0.91) | ||
| Ate at least 2 servings of fruit each day | 2.44 | 3.22 | 2.44 | ***p<0.001 |
| (1.02) | (0.93) | (1.02) | ||
| Ate at least 3 servings of vegetables per day | 2.44 | 3.18 | 2.44 | ***p<0.001 |
| (0.96) | (0.92) | (0.96) | ||
| Made healthier choices at fast food restaurants | 1.93 | 2.41 | 1.93 | **p = 0.008 |
| (0.99) | (1.27) | (0.99) | ||
| Ate healthful snacks | 2.87 | 3.47 | 2.87 | ***p<0.001 |
| (0.87) | (0.72) | (0.87) | ||
| Ate healthful pre-packaged foods | 2.20 | 2.73 | 2.20 | **p = 0.001 |
| (0.86) | (1.02) | (0.86) | ||
| Limited intake of high-calorie beverages | 2.78 | 3.45 | 2.78 | ***p<0.001 |
| (1.02) | (0.91) | (1.02) | ||
| Knowledge Awareness Context | ||||
| Monitored my weight | 2.09 | 2.63 | 2.09 | **p = 0.003 |
| (1.03) | (1.11) | (1.03) | ||
| Learned about obesity risk and prevention | 2.24 | 2.50 | 2.24 | p = 0.179 |
| (1.10) | (1.19) | (1.10) |
Bold p-values indicate Bonferoni adjusted threshold for statistical significance.