Table 2.
Clinical Outcomes Among the 1954 Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
| RAAS Inhibitor Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All Patients (n = 1954) | Users (n = 377) | Nonusers (n = 1577) | P | |
| Primary outcome | ||||
| In-hospital mortality | 84 (4) | 33 (9) | 51 (3) | <.001 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| Vasopressor use | 54 (3) | 24 (6) | 30 (2) | <.001 |
| Conventional oxygen therapy | 276 (14) | 94 (25) | 182 (12) | <.001 |
| High flow nasal cannula | 71 (4) | 35 (9) | 36 (2) | <.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 36 (2) | 14 (4) | 22 (1) | .003 |
| ECMO | 3 (0.2) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.1) | .47 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 13 (1) | 4 (1) | 9 (1) | .29 |
| Acute cardiac events | ||||
| Cardiac arrest | 18 (1) | 8 (2) | 10 (1) | .01 |
| Myocardial infarction | 49 (3) | 7 (2) | 42 (3) | .37 |
| Acute heart failure | 135 (7) | 36 (10) | 99 (6) | .02 |
Data are shown as number (%), and P-values were calculated using the χ 2 or Fischer exact test, as appropriate.
Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.