Table 1. Model input variables and variable characteristics.

Variable name	Data type	Definition
Time-in-chart	Continuous	Discrete time stamped audit logs generated by a resident within the hospital were algorithmically converted into shifts, represented in 10-minute increments
Note authorship	Binary	The resident authored, edited, or signed ≥ 1 note in the patient's chart (1 = yes, 0 = no)
Order placement	Binary	The resident placed ≥ 1 order in the patient's chart (1 = yes, 0 = no)
Care team	Binary	The resident had a role documented in the patient's EHR care team (1 = yes, 0 = no)
Chart closure	Binary	Clinic only . The resident in question was the provider closing the patient's chart