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. 2020 Jun 24;3:323. doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-1060-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a Phylogeny of the some of the different glycosyl hydrolase (GH16) (e.g., M019946-T1) that are horizontally transferred and clustered with other beetles, which are highlighted in green. The Yellow cluster highlight the Eukaryotic Gram-negative-biding protein, similar to GH16, but already exists in insects. The gray cluster highlights the close microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) to the horizontally transferred hydrolase. While the orange cluster shows the distantly cluster of microorganisms. b The schematics about HGT depicted by acquisition, intron gain, and duplication and diversification. We show a GH16 with seven introns gains as well as expression on the y axis shown as coverage of RNAseq reads, where the surrounding shows DNA and non-LTR transposable elements. c Gel electrophoresis of a 258 bp fragment of one GH16 to validate the presence in the genome and rule out gut microbial contamination.