Table 3. Magnitude of changes in community exposure to malaria messages via school-aged children, Jimma Zone, SBCC target districts, 2017–19 (Baseline, n = 762; End-line, n = 759).

Exposure (last 6 months)	Magnitude of exposure				Change	Statistical tests
	Baseline		End-line		ES
	No.	%	No.	%	% (95% CI)	t/Chi-square	p-value
Have a school child	535	70.3	458	60.4	-9.9 (-13.2, -4.3)	x2 = 17.78	<0.001
Number of school children in the HH						t = -0.70	0.493
One	189	35.3	155	33.8	+3.5 (-1.3, +7.7)	x2 = 3.45	0.112
Two	147	27.5	141	30.8	+3.3 (-2.7, +6.8)	x2 = 2.23	0.213
Three	106	20.0	97	21.2	+1.2 (-1.9, +4.2)	x2 = 1.04	0.345
Four or higher	93	17.2	65	14.2	-3.0 (-5.2, +1.8)	x2 = 1.76	0.327
A. Exposure: reach via school child	71	13.3	266	57.8	+44.5 (34.7,51.3)	x2 = 218.1	<0.001
Specific message contents of exposure (counts)	n = 568		n = 2,128
Sleeping under ITN-every night	52	73.2	215	76.2	+3.0 (-1.5, +8.2)	x2 = 0.28	0.598
Environmental sanitation is preventive	55	77.5	174	61.7	-15.8 (-20.2, +9.8)	x2 = 6.18	0.013
Proper use of anti-malarial drugs	3	4.2	121	42.9	+38.7(+51.4, 23.5)	x2 = 32.25	<0.001
Seek treatment for fever early	7	9.9	113	40.1	+30.2 (+21.9, +39.3)	x2 = 23.10	<0.001
Give priority to PWs & <5 (ITN)	7	9.9	109	38.7	+28.8 (+22.3, +34.6)	x2 = 21.32	<0.001
How to wash ITN**	4	5.6	103	36.5	+30.9 (+25.7, +37.8)	x2 = 25.62	<0.001
Indoor residual spraying (IRS)**	1	1.4	91	32.3	+30.9 (+21.5, +41.8)	x2 = 28.03	<0.001
Others*	13	18.3	16	5.7	-12.6 (-15.6, -8.6)	x2 = 12.01	<0.001
B. Exposure: Content intensity ***	142	25.0	942	44.3	+19.3 (+14.3,+25.2)	t = 5.93	<0.001
Ratio of content: School to general		79.6		104.0	+24.1 (+17.7, +26.8)	5.25	0.001

*Others: Misconceptions about causes of malaria; ITN with torn don't protect from malaria, etc.

**How to wash ITN refers: every 3 months, don't dry in sunlight, don't wash on a hard surface, and IRS; don't post the wall within 6 months of spray.

^***Person-to- all specific messages count, and ES: Effect Size