Table 6. Change community malaria preventive and control practices, Jimma Zone, SBCC target districts, 2017–19 (Baseline = 762; End-line = 759).
| Preventive and control measures | Magnitudes of the practices | Change | Statistical tests | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | End-line | ES | |||||
| No. | % | No. | % | % (95% CI) | Chi-square | p-value | |
| ITN access and utilization (n = 7,785) | n = 4,025 | n = 3760 | |||||
| HHs owning at least 1 ITN | 572 | 81.1 | 703 | 92.6 | +11.5 (8.1,14.9) | x2 = 6.61 | <0.001 |
| People access to ITN | 2,141 | 53.2 | 2,955 | 78.6 | 25.4 (20.2,30.7) | x2 = 9.43 | <0.001 |
| People who slept under ITN last night | 1,497 | 37.2 | 2,369 | 63.0 | 25.8 (23.8,27.9) | x2 = 23.53 | <0.001 |
| People slept under ITN(given access) | 1,216 | 56.8 | 2,160 | 73.1 | 16.3 (8.4, 23.9) | x2 = 4.10 | 0.01 |
| Pregnant women slept under ITN | 12 | 46.2 | 22 | 71.0 | 24.8 (7.3, 43.2) | x2 = 4.21 | 0.01 |
| < 5 years old children slept under ITN | 340 | 53.9 | 410 | 70.2 | 16.3 (4.8, 29.7) | x2 = 9.34 | 0.01 |
| Environmental manipulation * | n = 759 | ||||||
| Surrounding** | - | - | 80 | 10.5 | - | - | |
| Compound** | - | - | 127 | 16.7 | - | - | |
| Healthy handling of IRS (n = 148) | n = 38 | n = 110 | |||||
| IRS sprayed over the last 12 months | 264 | 34.8 | 188 | 24.8 | -10.0 (-14.3, -4.7) | x2 = 6.12 | 0.04 |
| Wall painted or plastered (last 12 months) | 38 | 14.4 | 110 | 58.5 | +44.1 (+18.7, +63.5) | x2 = 30.4 | 0.01 |
| Health plastering of walls after IRS *** | 4 | 10.5 | 79 | 71.8 | +61.3 (+44.0, 71.1) | x2 = 53.56 | 0.001 |
| Treatment and drug use practice (n = 165) | n = 104 | n = 61 | |||||
| Prevalence of febrile illness | 104 | 2.6 | 61 | 1.6 | -1.0 (-1.5,-0.5) | x2 = 4.32 | <0.001 |
| Sought treatment for fever (n = 165) | 70 | 67.3 | 51 | 83.6 | +16.3 (+11.4, +22.7) | x2 = 5.23 | 0.02 |
| Early treatment (within 24 hours) | 18 | 25.7 | 21 | 41.2 | +15.5 (+5.3, +24.6) | x2 = 3.22 | 0.04 |
| Used any drug for fever | 74 | 71.2 | 52 | 85.2 | +14.1 (+7.8, +21.1) | x2 = 4.23 | 0.03 |
| Drugs used for fever (n = 126) | n = 74 | n = 52 | |||||
| Anti-malarial | 14 | 18.9 | 10 | 19.2 | +0.3 (-0.7, +0.8) | x2 = 0.02 | 0.97 |
| Anti-pain | 31 | 41.9 | 23 | 44.2 | -10.5 (-16.7, +2.5) | x2 = 0.07 | 0.79 |
| Anti-biotic + | 29 | 39.2 | 28 | 53.6 | +14.4 (+9.5, +19.6) | x2 = 8.24 | <0.001 |
| Blood checked before anti-malarial | 4 | 28.6 | 6 | 60.0 | +31.2 (-8.6, +52.7) | x2 = 2.37 | 0.124 |
| Anti-malarial drug sharing | 4 | 28.6 | 5 | 50.0 | +21.4 (-12.5, +54.7) | x2 = 3.12 | 0.273 |
| Adherence to drugs taken for fever **** | 55 | 76.4 | 35 | 67.2 | -7.1 (-16.9, +4.5) | x2 = 0.94 | 0.332 |
* Only end-line data.
**HHs engaged in cleaning surrounding at least once per month. **HHs engaged in cleaning their compound from anything suitable for mosquito breeding.
**** No plastering is done within 6 months of the IRS. ****complete, no sharing, no saving, and take anti-malarial drugs without blood checking.