Table 1. Patient characteristics.
Recurrent stroke within first year | No recurrent stroke | Statistics OR (95% CI) / p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Patients (N) | 79/1068 (7.4%) | 989/1068 (92.6%) | |
Age in years [mean ± SD] | 66.9 ± 14.5 | 68.2 ± 13.2 | 0.387 |
Sex | |||
Female | 44/79 (55.7%) | 483/989 (48.8%) | 1.317 (0.830–2.089) |
Male | 35/79 (44.3%) | 506/989 (51.2%) | |
TOAST subtypes of stroke | ≤ 0.001 | ||
Cardioembolism | 24/79 (30.4%) | 313/989 (31.6%) | |
Large-artery atherosclerosis | 25/79 (31.6%) | 222/989 (22.4%) | |
Small vessel occlusion | 5/79 (6.3%) | 168/989 (17.0%) | |
Stroke of undetermined etiology | 17/79 (21.5%) | 263/989 (26.6%) | |
Stroke of other determined etiology | 8/79 (10.1%) | 23/989 (2.3%) | |
History of hypertension | 67/79 (84.8%) | 784/989 (79.3%) | 1.460 (0.775–2.750) |
Diabetes mellitus II | 35/79 (44.3%) | 392/989 (39.6%) | 1.211 (0.763–1.923) |
Dyslipidemia | 64/79 (81.0%) | 704/989 (71.2%) | 1.727 (0.968–3.081) |
Smoking status§ | |||
Current | 20/79 (25.3%) | 205/967 (21.2%) | 1.260 (0.742–2.141) |
Former | 25/79 (31.6%) | 390/967 (40.3%) | |
Never | 34/79 (43.0%) | 372/967 (38.5%) | |
Alcohol consumption$ | 25/79 (31.6%) | 344/936 (36.8%) | 0.797 (0.487–1.304) |
BMI ≥ 25 | 63/79 (79.7%) | 786/989 (79.5%) | 1.017 (0.575–1.798) |
Peripheral vascular disease | 13/79 (16.5%) | 107/989 (10.8%) | 1.624 (0.867–3.041) |
Coronary artery disease | 33/79 (41.8%) | 301/989 (30.4%) | 1.640 (1.028–2.616) |
Atrial fibrillation | 18/79 (22.8%) | 223/989 (22.5%) | 1.014 (0.587–1.751) |
Prior stroke | 35/79 (44.3%) | 75/989 (7.6%) | 9.694 (5.865–16.022) |
Carotid stenosis | 28/79 (35.4%) | 384/989 (38.8%) | 0.865 (0.536–1.396) |
Intracranial arteriosclerosis | 32/79 (40.5%) | 333/989 (33.7%) | 1.341 (0.840–2.142) |
Anemia | 13/79 (16.5%) | 145/989 (14.7%) | 1.146 (0.617–2.132) |
Pro-coagulant coagulation disorder | 9/79 (11.4%) | 31/989 (3.1%) | 3.973 (1.820–8.674) |
COPD | 9/79 (11.4%) | 120/989 (12.1%) | 0.931 (0.453–1.912) |
Sleep apnea | 11/79 (13.9%) | 104/989 (10.5%) | 1.377 (0.705–2.686) |
Family history | 24/79 (30.4%) | 207/989 (20.9%) | 1.648 (0.996–2.727) |
Home medication | |||
Anti-platelet | 53/79 (67.1%) | 291/989 (29.4%) | 4.878 (3.003–8.000) |
Anticoagulation | 14/79 (17.7%) | 65/989 (6.6%) | 3.062 (1.631–5.748) |
Statins | 55/79 (69.6%) | 296/989 (29.9%) | 5.365 (3.259–8.832) |
ACE-/AT1-inhibitor | 30/79 (38.0%) | 266/989 (26.9%) | 1.664 (1.034–2.678) |
Beta blocker | 41/79 (51.9%) | 338/989 (34.2%) | 2.078 (1.311–3.293) |
Oral anti-diabetic | 17/79 (21.5%) | 127/989 (12.8%) | 1.861 (1.055–3.284) |
Outcome at discharge (mRS)# | |||
0–2 | 28/79 (35.4%) | 352/985 (35.7%) | 0.987 (0.611–1.594) |
6 (dead) | 1/79 (1.3%) | 24/985 (2.4%) | 0.513 (0.069–3.845) |
Outcome after 90 days (mRS)† | |||
0–2 | 38/77 (49.4%) | 658/967 (68.0%) | 0.458 (0.287–0.730) |
6 (dead) | 6/77 (7.8%) | 57/967 (5.9%) | 1.349 (0.562–3.237) |
Data missing in § 22 patients, $ 53 patients, # 4 patients, † 24 patients