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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Prod Rep. 2020 May 13;37(6):797–826. doi: 10.1039/c9np00061e

Figure 9. Withaferin A and a semi-synthetic derivative.

Figure 9.

A) Withaferin A (from Withania somnifera)has been assigned many modes of action, but it is a known NRF2 activator as verified by our lab, however the precise mechanism by which it activates NRF2 is more complex than simple Cys151 adduction (See text for further discussion). B) A semi-synthetic withaferin A derivative that does not inhibit the proteasome but inhibits p97 and activates NRF2. The red box is to differentiate natural product derived compounds from natural products.