Table 3.

Structural Model for Mothers and Sons

Youth Violent Behavior (Wave 6)	b	s.e.	p
Youth School Connectedness	−.38	.09	< .01
Maternal School Involvement	−.10	.08	.24
Maternal Stress	.13	.09	.15
Maternal Depression	.02	.20	.19
Mother’s Age	−.02	.01	.14
Mother’s Educational Attainment	−.05	.09	.57
Mother-Son Relationship Quality	.21	.16	.20
Relationship Quality with Child’s Father	−.03	.04	.50
Youth School Connectedness (Wave 6)	b	s.e.	p
Maternal School Involvement	.09	.07	.21
Maternal Stress	−.21	.08	.01
Maternal Depression	−.01	.19	.97
Mother’s Age	−.02	.01	.14
Mother’s Educational Attainment	.01	.08	.86
Mother-Son Relationship Quality	−.01	.12	.91
Relationship Quality with Child’s Father	−.02	.04	.65
Maternal School Involvement	b	s.e.	p
Maternal Depression	−.26	.16	.10
Mother’s Age	−.00	.01	.81
Mother’s Educational Attainment	.15	.07	.03
Mother-Son Relationship Quality	.29	.10	< .01
Relationship Quality with Child’s Father	−.02	.04	.65
Maternal Stress	b	s.e.	p
Maternal Depression	.47	.18	.01
Mother’s Age	−.01	.01	.27
Mother’s Educational Attainment	−.16	.07	.02
Mother-Son Relationship Quality	−.21	.12	.08
Relationship Quality with Child’s Father	.06	.04	.13
Mediating Pathways	Indirect effects
Maternal stress -> school connectedness -> violence	b = .08, s.e. = .04, p = .02