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. 2020 Jun 25;10:10348. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67056-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Localization of the cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesions in the 3D matrices-restrained Raw264.7 cells. (A) The cell-matrix adhesion of Raw264.7 cells derived MNCs in the L or H matrices was identified by the β1-integrin(red) expression with fluorescence immunocytochemistry. (Left); The integrin-mediated focal adhesion gene (PTK2) expression from the 2D and 3D (L, M and H matrices) cultured Raw264.7 cells was quantified by qPCR (n = 3, *p < 0.05) (Right). (B) The cell-cell interactions were identified by stainings of the E-cadherin, CD44, ICAM-1, and CD36 (brown) with peroxidase immunocytochemistry in the L and H matrices. (left). The macrophage fusion competency was quantified by the expression of cells fusion protein genes (DC-STAMP and CD47) from the 2D and 3D (L, M and H matrices) cultured Raw264.7 (right), *p < 0.05.