Table 1.
General characteristics of 1,029 surgically treated CSDH patients.
| Variables | Patients, N (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| - Male | 773 (75) | |
| - Female | 256 (25) | |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 73.5 (± 11) | |
| Head trauma prior to CSDH | 571 (55) | |
| No/does not recall | 256 (45) | |
| MGS score at presentation: | ||
| MGS 0: | 4 (0.4) | |
| MGS 1: | 326 (32) | |
| MGS 2: | 648 (64) | |
| MGS 3: | 31 (3) | |
| MGS 4: | 3 (0.3) | |
| Unknown | 17 (1.7) | |
| GCS at presentation, median (IQR) | 15 (1) | |
| Side of hematoma | ||
| - Unilateral | 772 (75) | |
| - Bilateral | 257 (25) | |
| Use of Antithrombotic drugs: | ||
| - None | 436 (43) | |
| - Antiplatelet therapy | 247 (24) | |
| - Anticoagulants | 324 (32) | |
| - Other | 18 (1) | |
| - Unknown | 4 (0.4) | |
| Type of antiplatelet therapy | ||
| - Acetylsalicylic acid | 176 (71) | |
| - Clopidogrel | 19 (8) | |
| - Dual therapy | 52 (21) | |
| Type of anticoagulants | ||
| - 310 (96) | ||
| - DOAC | 14 (4) | |
| Hematoma type* | Left (N = 681) |
Right (N = 605) |
| - Hyperdense | 34 (3) | 36 (4) |
| - Isodense | 131 (13) | 129 (13) |
| - Separated | 58 (6) | 54 (5) |
| - Gradation | 43 (4) | 41 (4) |
| - Laminar | 40 (4) | 32 (3) |
| - Trabecular | 145 (14) | 121 (12) |
| - Hypodense | 105 (10) | 82 (8) |
| - Unknown | 125 (12) | 110 (11) |
| Hematoma thickness, cm (mean ± SD) | Left: 1.8 (± 0.7) | Right: 1.8 (± 0.7) |
| Midline shift, mm (mean ± SD) | 8.2 (± 4.9) | |
| Type of surgery | ||
| BHC | 995 (97) | |
| Craniostomy | 16 (1.5) | |
| TDC | 6 (0.5) | |
| Unknown | 11 (1) | |
| Anesthesia modality | ||
| - Local | 609 (66) | |
| - General | 314 (34) | |
| - Unknown | 106 (10) | |
| Length of hospital stay, days median (mean, range) | 4 (8, 0–76) | |
| Postoperative complications | 117 in 111 patients (11) | |
| Type of postoperative complication | ||
| - Delirious state | 34 (29) | |
| - Pneumencephalus | 22 (18) | |
| - Empyema/wound infection | 15 (13) | |
| - Seizures | 14 (12) | |
| - Bleeding of operation wound | 11 (9) | |
| - Systemic infection | 8 (7) | |
| - Thrombosis /embolism | 4 (3) | |
| - Other (e.g., aphasia, CSF leakage, traumatic subarachnoidal hemorrhage resulting from surgery) | 9 (8) | |
| Recurrence <3 months | 115 (11) | |
| Mortality <3 months | 40 (4) | |
*
Including bilateral hematomas.