Table 1. Summary of reported cases of central nervous system (CNS) complications of COVID-19.
Mao et al. [6] | Helms et al. [7] | Yin et al. [22] | Giacomelli et al. [19] | Bagheri et al. [20] | Yan et al. [25] | |
Study design | Retrospective | Prospective | Retrospective | Cross-sectional | Cross-sectional | Cross-sectional |
Number of patients | 214 | 58 | 106 | 59 | 10069 | 59 |
Mean age (years) | 52.7 | 63 | 72 | 60 | 32.5 | 45 |
Headache | 13.1% | - | 7.5% | 3.4% | - | 66.1% |
Dizziness | 18.8% | - | 8.5% | - | - | |
Impaired consciousness | 14.8% | - | 16% | - | - | |
Hyposmia | 5.1% | - | - | 5.1% | 76.2% (sudden) 60.9% (progressive) | 68% |
Hypogeusia | 5.6% | - | - | 10.2% | 71% | |
Both hyposmia and hypogeusia | - | - | - | 18.6% | 83.3% | |
Skeletal muscle injury/myalgia | 19.3% | - | 24.5% | - | - | 63% |
Agitation | - | 69% | - | - | - | - |
Confusion | - | 65% | - | - | - | - |
Corticospinal tract sign | - | 67% | - | - | - | - |