Table 1.
Mean and SD of the mothers' variables included in the main analyses for different gestational time and stratified by sex
| Maternal parameters | <20 weeks | 24‐28 weeks | 35‐37 weeks | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | Girls | P | Boys | Girls | P | Boys | Girls | P | |||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 4.58 | 0.38 | 4.61 | 0.36 | .39 | 4.54 | 0.40 | 4.61 | 0.43 | .07 | 4.47 | 0.45 | 4.56 | 0.43 | .05 |
| 1‐h glucose (mmol/L) | 6.60 | 1.38 | 6.80 | 1.47 | .15 | 7.56 | 1.70 | 7.77 | 1.60 | .19 | 7.93 | 1.55 | 8.12 | 1.45 | .25 |
| 2‐h glucose (mmol/L) | 5.72 | 1.11 | 5.81 | 1.18 | .45 | 6.17 | 1.25 | 6.15 | 1.27 | .87 | 6.44 | 1.25 | 6.49 | 1.12 | .70 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/mL) | 12.69 | 1.03 | 13.12 | 1.03 | .46 | 13.98 | 1.03 | 15.46 | 1.03 | .02 | 17.05 | 1.04 | 17.97 | 1.04 | .37 |
| 1‐h insulin (μU/mL) | 85.48 | 1.05 | 84.98 | 1.05 | .93 | 112.62 | 1.04 | 124.58 | 1.04 | .09 | 157.47 | 1.05 | 166.11 | 1.05 | .43 |
| 2‐h insulin (μU/mL) | 60.87 | 1.05 | 53.62 | 1.06 | .43 | 72.44 | 1.05 | 76.22 | 1.05 | .47 | 107.99 | 1.06 | 110.62 | 1.06 | .75 |
| HOMA‐IR ([μU/mL]*[mmol/L]) | 2.57 | 1.03 | 2.68 | 1.03 | .40 | 2.84 | 1.03 | 3.15 | 1.03 | .03 | 3.31 | 1.04 | 3.62 | 1.05 | .16 |
| Stumvoll first phase (pmol/L) | 1639.26 | 1.02 | 1616.57 | 1.02 | .68 | 1740.14 | 1.02 | 1872.26 | 1.03 | .04 | 2556.15 | 1.03 | 2676.00 | 1.03 | .31 |
| Stumvoll second phase (pmol/L) | 421.81 | 1.02 | 416.57 | 1.02 | .70 | 449.52 | 1.02 | 482.72 | 1.02 | .03 | 650.25 | 1.03 | 680.23 | 1.03 | .30 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.23 | 1.02 | 1.26 | 1.02 | .48 | 1.76 | 1.02 | 1.70 | 1.02 | .25 | 2.21 | 1.03 | 2.13 | 1.03 | .33 |
| Fatty acids (mmol/L) | 0.63 | 0.23 | 0.64 | 0.21 | .48 | 0.59 | 0.23 | 0.58 | 0.19 | .37 | 0.59 | 0.23 | 0.61 | 0.21 | .40 |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 33.63 | 1.03 | 34.16 | 1.03 | .74 | 32.59 | 1.03 | 34.29 | 1.04 | .30 | 32.07 | 1.04 | 33.02 | 1.04 | .59 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 36.18 | 2.06 | 36.21 | 2.17 | .89 | 36.29 | 2.12 | 36.28 | 2.23 | .98 | 36.53 | 2.17 | 36.60 | 2.22 | .74 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.13 | 1.01 | 34.17 | 1.01 | .91 | 35.63 | 1.01 | 35.64 | 1.01 | .97 | 36.88 | 1.01 | 36.96 | 1.01 | .84 |
| Gestational weight gain (kg) | 2.02 | 3.92 | 1.84 | 4.48 | .64 | 4.06 | 3.28 | 3.92 | 2.74 | .63 | 3.82 | 2.78 | 3.76 | 2.82 | .82 |
Note: P value from independent t test; Fasting insulin, 1‐hour insulin, 2‐hour insulin, HOMA‐IR, Stumvoll first phase, Stumvoll second phase, triglycerides, leptin and BMI were log‐transformed for the analyses, but the values in the table were exponentiated for clarity.
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.