Table 1.
Demographic data for participants classified into selected groups, in reviewed plantar pressure studies
| First Author (Year) | Ulcerated group (DU) | No in‐study ulcer, neuropathic group (DPN) | Diabetes control group (DC) | Healthy controls (HC) | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DFU (n=) | DFU History (n=) | % Type 2 | % Male | Age (years) | BMI (kg/m2) | Diabetes duration (years) | DPN (n=) | DFU History (n=) | % Type 2 | % Male | Age (years) | BMI (kg/m2) | Diabetes duration (years) | DC (n=) | % Type 2 | % Male | Age (years) | BMI (kg/m2) | HC (n=) | % Male | Age (years) | BMI (kg/m2) | |
| Abbott (2017)28 | 9 | 9 | — | 88.8 | 62.6 (11.5) | 31.2 (8.2) | — | 6 | 6 | — | 100 | 56.7 (7.1) | 32.3 (6.2) | — | no DC group | 12 | 33.3 | 58.0 (8.3) | 26.2 (3.8) | ||||
| Armstrong (1998)29 | 70 | — | — | 74 | 52.3 (10.3) | 30.9 (5.7) | 14.3 (9.2) | 149 | 0 | — | 33 | 51.8 (10.4) | 32.3 (6.2) | 9.2 (8.8) | no DC group | no HC group | |||||||
| Bacarin (2009)30 | 10 | 10 | 90 | 80 | 58.2 (6.7) | 27 (5.5) | 17.5 (9.3) | 17 | 0 | 94 | 47 | 54.7 (7.8) | 26.1 (4.6) | 13.4 (8.4) | no DC group | 20 | 35 | 48.7 (9.4) | 24.3 (2.6) | ||||
| aFrykberg (1998)31 | 99 | 99 | 70.7 | 69.7 | 60 (10.5) | 29.4 (5.5) | 17 (9.5) | 152 | 0 | 86.8 | 62.5 | 57 (13.5) | 30.5 (6.8) | 12 (10.8) | no DC group | no HC group | |||||||
| bLedoux (2013)32 | 47 | 95.7 | 68 | 30 | 19 | 544 | — | — | 98.3 | 67 | 30.3 | 15 | no DC group | no HC group | |||||||||
| cMelai. (2011) 33 | no ulcer group | 76 | — | 100 | — | 66 (7.2) | 31.18 | — | 33 | 100 | — | 62.8 (7.1) | 31.0 | 19 | — | 68.1 (5.2) | 24.3 | ||||||
| dOwings (2009)34 | no ulcer group | 49 | 49 | — | 77.6 | 62.9 (10.3) | 28.1 | — | no DC group | no HC group | |||||||||||||
| aPham (2000)35 | 73 | 32 | 76.7 | 67.1 | 59 (11) | 29.6 (7.1) | 16 (12) | 175 | 55 | 81.7 | 42.9 | 58 (13) | 31.3 (7.0) | 13 (10) | no DC group | no HC group | |||||||
| cSacco (2009)36 | no ulcer group | 15 | — | 100 | 60 | 57 (6) | 28.2 | >5 | no DC group | 16 | 31 | 46 (11) | 25.3 | ||||||||||
| e , fStess (1997)37 | 49 | 49 | — | — | 61.7 (12.4) | 30 | — | 14 | 0 | — | — | 66.0 (8.9) | 30.6 | — | 34 | — | — | 66.6 (9.1) | 28.6 | no HC group | |||
| Waaijman (2014)12 | 71 | 71 | 71.8 | 85.9 | 62.8 (11.2) | 30.6 (6.2) | 16.7 (13.2) | 100 | 100 | 71 | 80 | 63.6 (9.4) | 30.7 (5.3) | 17.7 (13.8) | no DC group | no HC group | |||||||
Note: Reported means and standard deviations (SD) when available. Diabetes duration was omitted from the DC group as it was not provided in any of the studies, as was ulcer history. Diabetes control = no neuropathy and no ulcer.
Within the DPN group, not all participants are thought to have peripheral neuropathy based on reported mean (SD) VPT scores, exact numbers of neuropathy patents were not provided.
Not all participants within this study had peripheral neuropathy, however the majority did: DU ‐ 38/47, DPN ‐ 259/544.
These studies did not mention previous ulcer history, however active ulcers were excluded.
This study included only one group of participants who had remained healed following previous ulceration.
Study states predominantly males but does not give percentage.
Mean (SE) values were reported in this study.