Table 4.
Top 15 behavior change techniques in the study arms (n=71).
| Behavior change techniques | Intervention, na (%) | Control, na (%) | Intervention and control, na (%) |
| 1.1 Goal setting (behavior) | 19 (27) | N/Ab | 13 (18) |
| 1.2 Problem solving | 13 (18) | 1 (1) | 5 (7) |
| 1.4 Action planning | 14 (20) | 1 (1) | 6 (8) |
| 2.2 Feedback on behavior | 16 (23) | N/A | 6 (8) |
| 2.3 Self-monitoring of behavior | 25 (35) | 1 (1) | 11 (15) |
| 3.1 Social support (unspecified) | 56 (79) | 3 (4) | 4 (6) |
| 3.2 Social support (practical) | 18 (25) | N/A | 6 (8) |
| 4.1 Instruction on how to perform the behavior | 37 (52) | 8 (11) | 15 (21) |
| 5.1 Information about health consequences | 15 (21) | 2 (3) | 8 (11) |
| 6.1 Demonstration of the behavior | 14 (20) | N/A | 4 (6) |
| 6.2 Social comparison | 11 (25) | N/A | N/A |
| 7.1 Prompts/cues | 21 (30) | N/A | 7 (10) |
| 8.7 Graded tasks | 9 (13) | N/A | 5 (7) |
| 9.1 Credible source | 35 (49) | 1 (1) | 9 (13) |
| 11.1 Pharmacological support | N/A | N/A | 4 (6) |
| 11.3 Conserving mental resources | N/A | 1 (1) | N/A |
| 12.5 Adding objects to the environment | 13 (18) | N/A | 11 (15) |
| 13.2 Framing/reframing | N/A | 1 (1) | N/A |
aBehavior change techniques applied in intervention arms only, control arms, and intervention and control arms simultaneously.
bN/A: not applicable.