TABLE 5.
Adjusted predicted values of cognition when mean frequency of activity engagement is never (0) and almost daily (4), or variety of activity engagement is at none (0) or all (10), by race and cognitive domain from models of effect modification by race/ethnicity
| Asian | Black | Latino | White | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Global cognition | ||||
| Variety = 0 | −0.69 (−0.93, −0.45) | −0.85 (−1.09, −0.61) | −0.29 (−0.54, −0.04) | −0.18 (−0.42, 0.06) |
| Variety = 10 | 0.21 (0.01, 0.42) | 0.11 (−0.07, 0.58) | 0.37 (0.15, 0.58) | 1.15 (0.97, 1.33) |
| Mean frequency = 0 | −0.39 (−0.62, −0.16) | −0.12 (−0.34, 0.10) | 0.11 (−0.13, 0.35) | 0.40 (0.17, 0.62) |
| Mean frequency = 7 | 0.01 (−0.25, 0.27) | −0.51 (−0.77, −0.25) | 0.06 (−0.22, 0.34) | 0.83 (0.56, 1.09) |
| Executive function | ||||
| Variety = 0 | −0.63 (−0.89, −0.38) | −0.68 (−0.94, −0.43) | −0.32 (−0.59, −0.05) | −0.18 (−0.43, 0.08) |
| Variety = 10 | 0.10 (−0.12, 0.32) | 0.14 (−0.05, 0.34) | 0.20 (−0.03, 0.43) | 1.13 (0.94, 1.32) |
| Mean frequency = 0 | −0.46 (−0.70, −0.22) | −0.05 (−0.28, 0.18) | −0.06 (−0.31, 0.20) | 0.26 (0.02, 0.50) |
| Mean frequency = 7 | 0.03 (−0.25, 0.31) | −0.41 (−0.68, −0.13) | 0.03 (−0.27, 0.32) | 0.96 (0.68, 1.25) |
| Semantic memory | ||||
| Variety = 0 | −0.88 (−1.13, −0.64) | −0.74 (−0.99, −0.49) | 0.03 (−0.23, 0.29) | 0.22 (−0.02, 0.47) |
| Variety = 10 | 0.07 (−0.14, 0.29) | −0.12 (−0.31, 0.07) | 0.43 (0.21, 0.65) | 1.03 (0.85, 1.21) |
| Mean frequency = 0 | −0.63 (−0.86, −0.40) | −0.21 (−0.44, 0.01) | 0.34 (0.10, 0.58) | 0.63 (0.40, 0.87) |
| Mean frequency = 7 | −0.06 (−0.33, 0.21) | −0.60 (−0.86, −0.33) | 0.18 (−0.11, 0.46) | 0.76 (0.49, 1.03) |
| Verbal episodic memory | ||||
| Variety = 0 | −0.17 (−0.45, 0.10) | −0.65 (−0.93, −0.37) | −0.42 (−0.72, −0.13) | −0.48 (−0.76, −0.21) |
| Variety = 10 | 0.35 (0.11, 0.58) | 0.26 (0.05, 0.47) | 0.27 (0.02, 0.52) | 0.67 (0.46, 0.87) |
| Mean frequency = 0 | 0.14 (−0.12, 0.40) | −0.03 (−0.28, 0.23) | −0.01 (−0.29, 0.26) | 0.08 (−0.18, 0.34) |
| Mean frequency = 7 | 0.06 (−0.24, 0.36) | −0.25 (−0.55, 0.05) | −0.05 (−0.37, 0.27) | 0.31 (0.00, 0.62) |
Note: Values calculated setting all other covariates at the mean. Models adjusted for age, sex, income, education, retirement status, and depression.