Table 1.
General characteristics of severely obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery and participants of the combined CODAM and Hoorn studies
| Bariatric surgery (n = 74) | CODAM/Hoorn (n = 1265) | |
|---|---|---|
| Male/female | 23/51 | 562/703 |
| Age (y) | 44.5 ± 9.8 | 64.6 ± 8.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 44.4 (39.0‐50.2) | 28.1 ± 4.2 |
| Waist‐hip ratio | 0.97 (0.89‐1.11) | 0.94 ± 0.09 |
| T2DM (%) | 34.9% | 33.2% |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.8 (5.3‐7.2) | 5.9 (5.3‐6.8) |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.2 (5.6‐6.8) | 5.9 (5.6‐6.3) |
| Insulin (pmol/L) | 111 (69‐160) | 66 (46‐100) |
| Glucose‐lowering medication (% yes) | 25.5%b | 10.3% |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 1.1 | 5.5 ± 1.0 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.2 ± 1.0 | 3.4 ± 0.9 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.9 (0.7‐1.1) | 1.2 (1.0‐1.5) |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.75 (1.23‐2.63) | 1.4 (1.0‐1.9) |
| Lipid‐modifying medication (% yes) | 25.5%b | 17.5% |
| ALT (U/L) | 22 (17‐31) | 22 (17‐28)a |
| AST (U/L) | 23 (16‐31) | 20 (16‐24)a |
| Alcohol (g/d) | Nd | 6.7 (0.7‐20.3) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 138 ± 18 | 142 ± 20 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81 ± 11 | 83 ± 10 |
| Antihypertensive medication (% yes) | 45.5%b | 38.9% |
| Smoking (% yes) | 30.8%b | 18.1% |
| History of cardiovascular disease (% yes) | 13.8%b | 42.4% |
Data are expressed as percentage of total, mean ± SD or median (interquartile range).
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CODAM, Cohort on Diabetes and Atherosclerosis Maastricht; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; IGM, impaired glucose metabolism; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; nd, not determined; NGM, normal glucose metabolism; T2DM, type 2 diabetes.
Presented for participants of the CODAM study only (n = 571). In the Hoorn study, plasma ALT levels have been measured at another visit, see methods section.
20%‐50% of total study population (n = 74) variable unknown.