. 2020 Jun 23;64(7):e02236-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02236-19

TABLE 2.

Final prediction model covariates^a

Category	Parameter	Value for:
Category	Parameter	Cefazolin (0.63935)	Cefepime (1.17828)	Ceftriaxone (0.94419)	Ciprofloxacin (0.43047)	Piperacillin-tazobactam (2.18690)
Demographics	Age			0.00019		0.01168
	Age squared	0.00010		0.00007
	Age cubed	−0.00001		−0.00001	−0.00001	−0.00001
	Sex: male^b	−0.71695	−0.45621	−0.70641	−0.53074	−0.16150
	History of smoking^b	0.12988		0.08713
	Race: black^b	0.30388	0.36458	0.36887	0.23907	0.01110
	Race: other^b	0.29024	0.09832	0.22255	0.28785	−0.36885
Medical history	Admission from nursing home^b	−0.29785	−0.18948	−0.29092	−0.10103	−0.27365
	1 ED visit^b ^,^c	0.30499	0.27674	0.18183	0.02006	0.29449
	≥2 ED visits^b ^,^c			0.01528		0.44160
	1 ED to inpatient^b ^,^c	−0.08453	−0.22877	−0.08165	−0.05306	−0.29808
	≥2 ED to inpatient^b ^,^c	−0.12733	−0.16352	−0.00564
	1 inpatient visit^b ^,^c	−0.22318	−0.20348	−0.21192		−0.21073
	≥2 inpatient visits^b ^,^c				0.00571	−0.11337
	ICU location in first 24 hours^b	0.07366	0.11776	0.15119
	Elixhauser score	−0.01383	−0.01102	−0.01155	−0.00357	−0.00658
Antimicrobials in past 30 days	Sulfonamide	−0.25820	−0.21812	−0.17295	−0.05543	−0.06770
Antimicrobials in past 30 days	Quinolone	−0.51539	−0.65805	−0.53185	−1.29377	−0.61818
	Cephalosporin	−0.59423	−0.25652	−0.60599		−0.43066
	Penicillin	−0.11334	0.06402	−0.14594		−0.32084
	Carbapenem	−0.32128	−0.54253	−0.44776		−0.45540
Antimicrobials in past 30–90 days	Sulfonamide	−0.19242	−0.18646	−0.19487	−0.14391	−0.19486
Antimicrobials in past 30–90 days	Quinolone	−0.29001	−0.31754	−0.32479	−0.44247	−0.01208
	Cephalosporin	−0.12215		−0.11174	0.00980
	Penicillin	−0.08546		−0.05267		−0.30380
	Carbapenem	−0.14987		−0.30757		−0.16412
Resistant organisms in past 6 months	MDRO	−0.76878	−0.51511	−0.80317	−0.51611	−0.66253
Resistant organisms in past 6 months	MRSA	0.58438	0.44875	0.63166		0.45980
	VRE	0.16156	0.04077			−0.00365
	CephR Klebsiella					−0.85975
	ESBL	0.57457		0.22556
	MDR Acinetobacter			0.67298	0.46587	0.56299
Resistant organisms in past 6–12 months	MDRO	−0.97448	−0.61115	−1.02161	−0.10190	−1.09366
Resistant organisms in past 6–12 months	MRSA	1.13502	0.53233	1.04338		1.22636
	VRE	0.17833		0.40149	−0.05931	0.52085
Antibiotic resistance in past 6 months	Sulfonamide	0.25044	0.37538	0.31095		0.10899
Antibiotic resistance in past 6 months	Quinolone	−0.31482	−0.17482	−0.34883	−1.49533	−0.40215
	Cephalosporin	−0.81174	−0.53988	−0.56341		−0.47589
	Penicillin	0.35729	0.33486	0.40173	0.38544	0.23992
	Carbapenem	−0.05393	0.02238	−0.32193	0.07712
Documented medication allergy	Penicillin	−0.04274	−0.05982	−0.07149	−0.20527
Documented medication allergy	Quinolone	−0.56013	−0.28042	−0.43616
	Sulfonamide	−0.06064	0.01466			0.17357
	Cephalosporin	−0.14100	0.00746	−0.09309	−0.11350	−0.16364
	Glycopeptide	−0.24265	−0.37125	−0.27998	−0.13965
	Aminoglycoside		0.25439	0.28761
	Metronidazole	0.52051	0.32151	0.28773	0.06804
	Carbapenem					−1.22837
Final model characteristics	Goodness of fit (P value)	0.25	0.09	0.22	0.11	0.20
	AUC (95% CI): training/test	71.5 (70.1–72.9)	68.3 (66.8–69.8)	71.3 (69.9–72.7)	69.5 (68.1–71.0)	69.9 (68.7–72.5)
	AUC (95% CI): validation	69.1 (66.3–72.1)	65.0 (61.8–68.1)	68.8 (65.9–71.7)	65.3 (62.3–68.3)	68.2 (64.1–72.4)

Values in parentheses after the drug names are intercepts. Shading indicates covariates included in the model; bold indicates covariates associated with a decrease in the odds of susceptibility to the antibiotic. ED, emergency department; ICU, intensive care unit; VRE, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus; ESBL, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase; CephR, cephalosporin resistant.

Reference groups: female sex, nonsmoker, white race, no admission from nursing home, no ED visits, no ED visits to inpatient visits, no inpatient visits, non-ICU stay.

In the past 90 days.