Figure 1.

A schematically simplified overview of (A) Gα_q/11, (B) Gα_12/13, (C) Gα_s, and (D) Gα_i/o signalling. Abbreviations: AC, adenylyl cyclase; ATP, adenosine 5′‐triphosphate; cAMP, 3′,5′‐cyclic adenosine monophosphate; DAG, diacylglycerol; GDP, guanosine 5′‐diphosphate; GTP, guanosine 5′‐triphosphate; IP₃, inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate; PIP₂, phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate; PKA, protein kinase A; PKC, protein kinase C; PLCβ, phospholipase C‐β; Rho‐GEF, Rho‐guanine nucleotide exchange factor. Adapted from Wettshureck et al5