Fig. 3.

a RNA was extracted and quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed on n = 15 controls and n = 31 SALS-CP tissues looking for changes in tight junction and adhesion markers previously implicated in CP function/disease. Asterisks denote significance using Student t-test and individual p-values are shown under the respective graphs. b Immunofluorescence for E-cadherin was performed on n = 3 controls and n = 5 ALS cases. Note the tight intercellular staining in controls, compared to missing or decreased staining from some CP cells (red arrowheads), or diffuse cytoplasmic stain (blue arrows). DAPI was used to counterstain nuclei