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. 2020 Jun 26;11:254. doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-01768-7

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) attenuated the severity of skin sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease (Scl-GVHD) but exacerbated pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. a BALB/c mice transplanted with T cell-depleted bone marrow (TCD-BM) and spleen cells from B10.D2 mice had chronic dermatitis and an increased average skin score (Scl-GVHD). However, mice receiving human bone marrow (Scl-GVHD + hBM MSCs)- or adipose tissue (Scl-GVHD + hAD MSCs)-derived hMSCs had markedly decreased chronic dermatitis and skin scores. BALB/c mice transplanted with cells from B10.D2 TCD-BM (non-GVHD control) did not show dermatitis or hair loss. b Paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained with H&E (original magnification × 100) for microscopic examination. c Masson’s trichrome staining (original magnification × 100) for assessing fibrosis. d mRNA expression of collagen 1 α1, 1 α2, 3 α1, and soluble collagen were measured on day 14 (upper panel) and day 28 (lower panel) after transplantation. e–g Immunohistochemical staining of MMP1 (e), PTEN (f), and pSmad-3 (g) was quantified on day 14 after transplantation. Original magnification, × 200. Each value indicates the mean ± SEM of 4–9 mice per group. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001