Table 1.

Study treatment arms

	Day 1 to Day 14	Day 15 after anti-tuberculosis initiation	Day 14 after combined treatment (anti-TB and ART)
arm	Anti-tuberculosis alone	Combined anti-tuberculosis and ART (for the duration of anti-TB therapy)	Pharmacokinetic monitoring
A	“300 mg rifabutin + standard ethambutol-isoniazid-pyrazinamide regimen” daily for 14 days	150 mg rifabutin every other day + standard ethambutol-isoniazid-pyrazinamide regimen combined with ART regimen including 200/50 mg lopinavir/ritonavir taken twice daily	Blood taken for pharmacokinetic monitoring
B	“300 mg rifabutin + standard ethambutol-isoniazid-pyrazinamide regimen” daily for 14 days	300 mg rifabutin every other day + standard ethambutol-isoniazid-pyrazinamide regimen combined with ART regimen including 200/50 mg lopinavir/ritonavir taken twice daily	Blood taken for pharmacokinetic monitoring