Table 2.
Groupwise comparison of inflammatory markers by dexamethasone and ranibizumab groups to baseline. P values are displayed for each group. Bonferri correction was used for adjustment for multiple testing
| Baseline | Week 2 | Week 8 | Week 20 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ranibizumab | Dexamethasone implant | Ranibizumab | p Value | Dexamethasone implant | p Value | Ranibizumab | p Value | Dexamethasone implant | p value | Ranibizumab | p Value | Dexamethasone implant | p Value | |
| MIF (mean ± SD) | 154.10 ± 209.10 | 113.20 ± 123.20 | 152.13 ± 218.23 | 0.767 | 102.37 ± 63.54 | 0.859 | 85.51 ± 102.49 | 0.173 | 75.78 ± 68.30 | 0.362 | 89.52 ± 93.02 | 0.594 | 157.78 ± 98.03 | 0.345 |
| sICAM‐1 (mean ± SD) | 408.17 ± 317.88 | 313.63 ± 192.25 | 284.53 ± 256.19 | 0.021 | 173.49 ± 58.84 | 0.011 | 237.69 ± 150.01 | 0.086 | 238.28 ± 181.16 | 0.012 | 306.33 ± 159.24 | 0.327 | 457.38 ± 372.28 | 0.249 |
| CXCL9/MIG (mean ± SD) | 286.62 ± 377.52 | 321.96 ± 471.71 | 198.18 ± 307.95 | 0.161 | 92.33 ± 77.85 | 0.008 | 132.26 ± 67.03 | 0.441 | 184.69 ± 316.84 | 0.012 | 346.55 ± 328.66 | 0.515 | 365.50 ± 527.83 | 0.345 |
| PIGF (mean ± SD) | 6.72 ± 6.42 | 6.12 ± 4.96 | 1.50 ± 1.41 | 0.008 | 4.63 ± 2.37 | 0.374 | 1.79 ± 0.81 | 0.028 | 6.88 ± 3.48 | 0.674 | 2.91 ± 2.63 | 0.058 | 6.33 ± 5.77 | 0.345 |
| sVCAM‐1 (mean ± SD) | 4907.63 ± 8130.80 | 9363.86 ± 14 298.90 | 4557.44 ± 8745.29 | 0.515 | 1790.88 ± 1659.45 | 0.008 | 2020.24 ± 1113.85 | 0.086 | 2037.75 ± 2736.62 | 0.012 | 5821.29 ± 9038.60 | 0.208 | 16 909.40 ± 26 985.52 | 0.345 |
| PAI‐1 (mean ± SD) | 441.43 ± 330.61 | 638.37 ± 1065.12 | 273.36 ± 266.28 | 0.015 | 547.49 ± 462.08 | 0.314 | 228.37 ± 164.45 | 0.038 | 699.29 ± 1036.13 | 1 | 301.98 ± 215.42 | 0.161 | 847.60 ± 1289.51 | 0.345 |
| MMP‐9 (mean ± SD) | 110.52 ± 123.67 | 80.30 ± 66.88 | 104.77 ± 99.41 | 0.624 | 30.11 ± 20.82 | 0.025 | 119.0 ± 114.43 | 0.374 | 29.73 ± 22.54 | 0.068 | 121.58 ± 116.03 | 0.249 | 94.73 ± 60.95 | 0.753 |
| PDGF (mean ± SD) | 28.71 ± 16.96 | 25.84 ± 14.89 | 15.06 ± 10.59 | 0.011 | 16.05 ± 5.97 | 0.093 | 19.86 ± 10.34 | 0.441 | 15.65 ± 5.24 | 0.063 | 27.95 ± 7.31 | 0.917 | 27.37 ± 9.48 | 0.043 |
| IL‐6 (mean ± SD) | 22.34 ± 29.10 | 29.26 ± 52.73 | 17.37 ± 23.98 | 0.767 | 5.99 ± 2.57 | 0.025 | 8.54 ± 6.96 | 0.038 | 9.00 ± 8.42 | 0.237 | 12.10 ± 10.44 | 0.249 | 39.17 ± 72.76 | 0.686 |
| IL‐8 (mean ± SD) | 15.61 ± 9.95 | 19.26 ± 16.57 | 17.40 ± 15.11 | 0.575 | 14.44 ± 8.02 | 0.327 | 15.08 ± 14.00 | 0.767 | 19.26 ± 15.28 | 0.933 | 24.83 ± 12.35 | 0.115 | 23.52 ± 21.20 | 0.345 |
| MCP‐1 (mean ± SD) | 1706.26 ± 1076.98 | 2696.86 ± 2685.72 | 1323.29 ± 1176.57 | 0.374 | 764.04 ± 224.55 | 0.012 | 1261.11 ± 761.87 | 0.26 | 932.95 ± 371.60 | 0.028 | 2186.18 ± 556.22 | 0.345 | 3903.00 ± 4809.97 | 0.345 |
| VEGF (mean ± SD) | 135.26 ± 117.99 | 149.38 ± 162.01 | 4.80 ± 5.81 | 0.008 | 70.60 ± 61.23 | 0.028 | 8.73 ± 7.09 | 0.012 | 75.69 ± 47.33 | 0.917 | 5.33 ± 4.55 | 0.028 | 84.73 ± 59.02 | 0.138 |
| TGFb1 (mean ± SD) | 49.70 ± 27.87 | 48.89 ± 47.60 | 47.57 ± 36.16 | 0.465 | 27.30 ± 14.30 | 0.599 | 55.08 ± 27.49 | 0.109 | 26.18 ± 20.08 | 0.285 | 54.98 ± 26.70 | 1 | 77.33 ± 108.83 | 0.08 |
| TGFb3 (mean ± SD) | 31.28 ± 11.10 | 29.53 ± 8.93 | 28.45 ± 11.28 | 0.714 | 21.14 ± 7.01 | 0.075 | 29.75 ± 8.62 | 0.715 | 18.10 ± 7.87 | 0.144 | 31.10 ± 8.40 | 1 | 30.44 ± 20.16 | 0.5 |
| TGFb2 (mean ± SD) | 2650.15 ± 1984.40 | 2135.33 ± 510.61 | 2410.80 ± 1718.25 | 0.273 | 1082.91 ± 659.89 | 0.046 | 2710.43 ± 1641.25 | 0.715 | 955.38 ± 354.16 | 0.068 | 3581.32 ± 1811.68 | 0.273 | 2189.87 ± 1138.48 | 0.893 |
All results are displayed in pg/mL.
p values are displayed for each group. Bonferri correction was used for adjustment for multiple testing. Statistically significant p values after correction are displayed in bold.
IL‐6 = iInterleukin 6, IL‐8 = interleukin 8, MCP‐1 = monocyte chemo‐attractant protein 1, MIF = Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, MIG/CXCL 9 = monokine induced by gamma interferon, MMP‐9 = matrix metallopeptidase 9, PAI‐1 = plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1, PDGF = platelet‐derived growth factor, PIGF = placental growth factor, sICAM‐1 = soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, sVCAM = soluble vascular cell adhesion protein, TGF‐beta1,2,3 = transforming growth factor beta 1,2 and 3, VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.