Table 2.

Variables associated with incisional surgical site infection (SSI)

SSI	Univariate		Multivariate
	OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value
Age in years, mean ± SD	1.006 (0.97–1.03)	0.657
BMI, median (range)	1.015 (0.94–1.09)	0.677
Sex, n (%)
Male	1
Female	0.751 (0.41–1.37)	0.352
Comorbidities, n (%)
Diabetes mellitus	0.737 (0.37–1.43)	0.368
Hypertension	1.246 (0.68–2.27)	0.473
Dyslipidemia	0.638 (0.31–1.29)	0.214
Renal insufficiency	1.690 (0.30–9.47)	0.550
ASA class, n (%), n = 242
II	1
III	0.833 (0.45–1.52)	0.554
Smoking, n (%)	1.504 (0.81–2.78)	0.195
Previous biliary intervention, n (%)	3.182 (1.47–6.87)	0.003	3.041 (1.36–6.79)	0.007
WBC, mean ± SD	0.958 (0.85–1.08)	0.496
Platelet ×103, median (range)	0.794 (0.58–1.07)	0.130
Hemoglobin in g/dL, median (range)	1.058 (0.94–1.17)	0.303
BUN in mg/dL, median (range)	0.999 (0.95–1.05)	0.971
Creatinine in mg/dL, median (range)	1.082 (0.84–1.38)	0.532
Total bilirubin in mg/d/L, median (range)	0.971 (0.92–1.02)	0.260
Albumin in g/L, mean ± SD	0.999 (0.94–1.05)	0.975
Pre-operative cholangitis, n(%)	3.375 (0.20–54.82)	0.392	2.647 (0.75–9.23)	0.127
Operative time in min, median (range)	1.205 (0.96–1.50)	0.098
Blood loss in ml, median (range)	0.980 (0.74–1.28)	0.888
Complications, n (%)
Pancreatic fistula
No	1		1
Yes	3.250 (1.73–6.09)	0.000	2.783 (1.43–5.38)	0.002
Bile leakage	2.117 (0.73–6.10)	0.165
Delayed gastric emptying	3.006 (1.28–7.06)	0.012
Chyle leakage	2.586 (0.84–7.93)	0.097
Diagnosis, n (%)
Benign	1
Malignant	1.040 (0.58–1.84)	0.892

SSI Surgical site infection, OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, BMI Body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, WBC White blood cell count, BUN Blood urea nitrogen