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Schematic representation of the four known triggering factors in PNS and AE.
AE, autoimmune encephalitides; CASPR2, contactin-associated protein-like 2; GAD, glutamic-acid decarboxylase; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; HSV, herpes simplex virus; IgLON5, immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule 5; LGI1, leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1; NMDAR, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; NSCLC, non-small-cell lung cancer; PNS, paraneoplastic neurological syndromes; SCLC, small-cell lung cancer.
