TABLE 5.
Habitat use and selection by GPS logger‐equipped black‐headed gulls during the incubation period at three different colonies measured using Manly's compositional analysis
| Bydgoszcz | Avail. | Used | Wi | SE | IClower | ICupper |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AGRIC | 0.67 | 0.21 | 0.31 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.57 |
| ARTIF | 0.29 | 0.47 | 1.63 | 0.46 | 0.53 | 2.73 |
| WATBOD | 0.04 | 0.32 | 8.34 | 2.87 | 1.47 | 15.22 |
| (N = 10 ind.) | Value | df | p | Intercolony differences | ||
| Khi2L1 (A) | 11.33 | 18 | .880 | AGRIC | a,b | |
| Khi2L2 (B) | 24.79 | 20 | .210 | ARTIF | a | |
| B‐A | 13.46 | 2 | .001 | WATBOD | a,b | |
| Koronowo | Avail. | Used | Wi | SE | IClower | ICupper |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AGRIC | 0.68 | 0.58 | 0.84 | 0.18 | 0.40 | 1.28 |
| ARTIF | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.66 | 0.36 | −0.20 | 1.53 |
| WATBOD | 0.08 | 0.27 | 3.27 | 1.45 | −0.20 | 6.74 |
| (N = 13 ind.) | Value | df | p | Intercolony differences | ||
| Khi2L1 (A) | 20.22 | 24 | .684 | AGRIC | a | |
| Khi2L2 (B) | 24.27 | 26 | .560 | ARTIF | b | |
| B‐A | 4.05 | 2 | .132 | WATBOD | a | |
| Przykona | Avail. | Used | Wi | SE | IClower | ICupper | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AGRIC | 0.81 | 0.87 | 1.08 | 0.11 | 0.80 | 1.35 | |
| ARTIF | 0.18 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.06 | −0.09 | 0.22 | |
| WATBOD | 0.01 | 0.12 | 8.97 | 6.88 | −7.49 | 25.43 | |
| (N = 11 ind.) | Value | df | p | Intercolony differences | |||
| Khi2L1 (A) | 7.45 | 20 | .995 | AGRIC | b | ||
| Khi2L2 (B) | 13.99 | 22 | .902 | ARTIF | a,b | ||
| B‐A | 6.54 | 2 | .038 | WATBOD | b | ||
Avail.—proportion of three main habitat types (according to CORINE land cover model CLC2018, level 1: AGRIC—agricultural areas; ARTIF—artificial surfaces; WATBOD—water bodies) available in a 27‐km buffer around the studied colonies; Used—proportion of three main habitat types in stationary positions of GPS‐tracked individuals during the incubation period; Wi—habitat selection ratio; SE—standard error of Wi; IClower and ICupper—5%–95% confidence intervals for Wi. Values of Wi indicating significant habitat selection (with the lower CI limit above 1) are bolded. Values of Wi indicating significant habitat avoidance (with the upper CI limit below 1) are italicized; Khi2L1 (A)—results of the test of identical use of habitat by all animals; Khi2L2 (B)—results of the test of overall habitat selection; B‐A—results of the test of the hypothesis that animals are on average using resources in proportion to availability, irrespective of whether they are the same or not (i.e., Khi2L2–Khi2L1); Intercolony differences—differences in the proportion of particular habitats used.
Significant intercolony differences in habitat use (chi‐square test, p > .05).